Essay about The Negative Impact of Media Censorship

Every human possesses some guaranteed basic freedoms and rights, whether it is the freedom of speech, or the freedom to express themselves. However, the government seems to be increasingly determined to limit these freedoms using censorship to confine these rights that we usually take for granted. The most important facet of media in general is that it allows people to express themselves freely. In fact, this freedom of expression that music allows us is one of the primary reasons why it exists. Sadly, many of the current artists have forgotten that, but nonetheless, censorship seems to always be there to limit the expression of those who choose to place deeper messages in their songs. Tackling censorship is much more†¦show more content†¦These alterations ranged from a simple black box obscuring the offensive part to just changing the image to a different one entirely. The historical uses of censorship are less clear-cut. While governments have very obvious and reasonable uses for censorship, such as censoring war plans and other secrets, some have twisted censorship into another form of the dictatorial control they have. A prime example would be Stalin’s censoring of photos to â€Å"erase† people or to show him in a better light (The Commissar Vanishes.). Based on the cold and secretive history of censorship of media in general, it should be clear that the government should not have the ability to determine what the public should be allowed to hear. The nature of censorship makes it a very flawed system. As Danny Yee thoughtfully writes, â€Å"Those pushing music censorship are a small minority driven by personal distaste. Consider that they only ever rant against popular music forms, not elite ones - no one ever suggests banning Shostakovichs 14th Symphony because it has suicidal lyrics, for example, or even mentions all those classical operas that deal with incest† (Yee). Clearly, a reasonable system of censorship can’t possibly exist for something so subjective. Different people have different perceptions of music; what is â€Å"obscene† for one person may be perceived differently by another. The minority always decidesShow MoreRelatedStudies in Contemporary Literature: Free Speech1622 Words   |  7 Pages Censorship is the suppression of speech or other public communication which may be considered objectable, harmful, sensitive, politically incorrect or inconvenient as determined as determined by the government, media outlet, or other controlling bodies (Wikipedia, 1). This can be done by governments and private organizations or by individuals who engage in self-censorship which is the act of censoring or classifying one’s own work like blog, books, films, or other means of expression, out of theRead MorePros And Cons Of Censorship1590 Words   |  7 PagesCensorship can be beneficial in some aspects but if used improperly it can also be harmful. Censorship is the control of what people may say or hear, write or read, or see or do. Censorship can affect all forms of art, music, speech, and expression. It can be seen as a means of suppressing free speech, especially in the case of musical lyrics and the impact music has on behaviors. According to Richard Taruskin, â€Å"It is all but irresistible kinesthetic response that music evokes that makes it suchRead MoreMedia Violence And Its Effect On Society1184 Words   |  5 PagesIn recent years, many scholars have begun to examine the negative effects of media violence. There is a debate on whether negative effects directly derive from media violence. Because media violence has been proven to have a negative effect on society, this essay will argue that there needs to be more censorship on media violence. I will first examine the influence media violence has on mass shootings. Next I will discuss a study relating to dating violence, certain movies and shows encourage datingRead MoreCensorship of Electronic Communication Systems1158 Words   |  5 PagesCENSORSHIP OF ELECTRONIC COMMUNICATION SYSTEM Introduction. Communication system of society is changing rapidly with the time. In ancient ages people use to communicate with shouting. If people are much more apart from one another the letter writing was the only means of communication just before 500 years. Due to rapid development of science, now a days a message can be passed to millions of people who all are scattered in whole world by a simple electronic communication system. Due to electronicRead MoreThe Sun Starts To Set As Your Making A Rather Difficult1242 Words   |  5 Pagesfun sadly.Censorship has a negative impact on society because it refuses to exploit the harsh reality, and rather cover it up with harsh snippets of beeps and silence. Every human across the nation posses some sort of artistic value, whether its freedom of speech, or the freedom to express themselves. Yet, the government tends to have an authoritive hold to limit these freedoms using censorship to confine the rights we take for granted. The most important facet of the media is that it open the doorsRead MoreFor The Second Paper Topic, I Will Touch Upon The Media1132 Words   |  5 PagesFor the second paper topic, I will touch upon the media issue of censorship and how the effects of censorship on the public and how its history has changed the way the world is ran as well as the current state of censorship. Censorship; something that has been prevalent in society since the beginning of news, media, and all other forms of mass communication. When I say censorship, I am referring to the suppression of free speech, public communication or any other information that could be perceivedRead MoreCensorship And Its Effect On Children1619 Words   |  7 Pagesthey see being done. Without censorship daily television shows are increasingly exhibiting more violence, foul language and sexuality to susceptible youth. Due to lack of censorship, explicit music lyrics and inappropriate images on music videos are being introduced to impressionable children. There is a lack of control on the internet leading to internet addiction and forces vulnerable adolescents to face cyber bullying. In a variety of mediums not enough censorship is used, which influences impressionableRead MorePowerful Issues Caused By Media Censorship And The Harm It Does On The Development Of A Globalized Society1493 Words   |   6 PagesIn our modern world, most world leaders tend to argue against media censorship and the suppression of one of our most basic human right, freedom of expression. We live in a globalized society, that shares news and information in matter of seconds, with newspapers, a blog post, a Facebook opinion or with a 140-character block called Tweet. If we have the accessibility to these outlets, which most of us do, we can learn about the result of the presidential election in Peru or we can learn about theRead MoreFahrenheit 451 Analysis798 Words   |  4 Pagessocial commentaries. Some of the commentaries he touches upon the topics of censorship and social conformity. All of which are demonstrated through the strategic use of demanded conformities and the dystopian setting. Overall, In Fahrenheit 451, Bradbury comments on the censorship and ideological limitations in today’s society by emphasizing political and social control in his novel. Ray Bradbury criticizes on censorship in the present day society through the political conformities of the dystopianRead MoreHolding Social Media Accountable For Violence. Today’S1291 Words   |  6 Pages Holding Social Media Accountable for Violence Today’s world has certainly changed over the years and with media expanding to platforms such as Twitter and Facebook, news has expanded to a vast majority. Over recent years, platforms such as Facebook have allowed the viewing of decapitations, rapes, bullying in schools, gang threats, and even murders to be broadcasted live. Seemingly more of such violence is occurring and being distributed over these social platforms. For instance, the recent live

Sheraton on the Park - 1945 Words

Table of Contents Procedures 2 1. Introduction of Sheraton 2 2. The role of the HR Manager 3 3. The overall business strategy 4 4. The adopts reference to the employment relationship 5 Reference 5 Procedures 1. Introduction of Sheraton Located in the Centre of Sydneys, Sheraton on the Park (formerly known as Grand Park) was purchased and changed the name by Sheraton Hotel in 1994. Public areas of the hotel include two restaurants, a lounge-style glasses and a lobby lounge. The facilities include 24-hour business services center as secretarial support and access to computers. At the same time, a ballroom, capable of sitting 550 people, and nine smaller function rooms. The occupancy rate of the hotel (often used as†¦show more content†¦Vacancies in line with sales performance, forecasting, ethnicity and equal opportunity PAYROLL: The annual budget in line with revenues. Designed wage scales, job grading. Payroll forecast delivered in a timely manner. Subscribe to wage costs. Productivity analysis. Prepare annual bonus table. Data collated competitive salary and remuneration in the market. INDUSTRIAL RELATIONS: Develop and implement the industry code. The hearing complaints and discipline to ensure that the legal standards, ethics and maintained. Intermediary between management and associates. LAW: report and action in light of the new legislation. Adhere to Australian Government legislation. PROJECT: Implementation and monitoring of the Project Management Professional. Job loss during restructuring. Develop policies and documents. Sitting on the Executive Committee and presented the relevant and new issues. Opportunities to simplify organization, or structure razed multiskilling and political consultations. SATISFACTION ASSOCIATE: Management annual survey. Implement action plans ASI. Analyze your sales data and labor exit interview and to promote employee retention. 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In 2001 it sold 56 of its leases and management contracts to RFS HotelRead MoreDescription Of Sheraton Anchorage Hotel And Spa833 Words   |  4 Pages Home Sheraton Anchorage Hotel Spa 4.1 (10 reviews) 401 East 6th Avenue, Anchorage, AK, 99501, United States †¢ Weather: Light rain, 10  °C / 50  °F †¢ Local Time: 12:22pm †¢ Phone: (907) 276-8700 †¢ Hotel Reservations: 888-627-8046 Englishlanguage navigation HomePhotosRoomsLocal AreaHotel FeaturesDiningMeetings EventsWeddingsIce SpaOffersReviews Reserve Your Stay Explore Anchorage this Summer The Minute Summer Got Closer. Lock in our best rates of the summer when you book todayRead MoreTqm in Starwood9288 Words   |  38 Pagesemployees at its owned and managed properties. Starwood Hotels and Resorts is a fully integrated owner, operator and franchisor of hotels and resorts with different internationally renowned brands of St. Regis, The Luxury Collection, Sheraton, Westin, Four Points by Sheraton, W, Le Mà ©ridien, Aloft and Element. 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The headquarters for Sheraton hotels is located in White Plains, New York, but was founded in Springfield, Massachusetts, in 1937. Ernest Henderson and Robert Moore adapted to the n ame â€Å"Sheraton Hotel† after acquiring an earlier hotel with that same name. According to them, their was a large lit sign on the roof that bore this name, but it was too heavy to move and too expensiveRead MoreA Brief Note On Itc Limited And Itc1219 Words   |  5 Pagessecond 1argest hotel chain with over 90 hotels throughout India. ITC has also the exclusive franchise in India of two brands owned by Sheraton International corp. The â€Å"Luxury Collection and Sheraton† which ITC â€Å"uses in association with its own brands in the luxury 5 star segment. Brands in the hospitality sector owned and operated by its subsidiaries include â€Å"Fortune Park Hotels and WelcomHeritage† Hotels. †¢ Paperboard, Specialty Paper, Graphic and other Paper; †¢ â€Å"Packaging and Printing† for diverseRead MoreHuman Resource Management3314 Words   |  14 Pages | | | |The Park | | |Maurya Sheraton | | |The Taj Group of Hotels Read MoreIndividual Assessment Cover Sheet / Plagiarism Declaration Form8448 Words   |  34 Pages11 TOP SELLERS: 11 CLIENT CATEGORY: 12 BEST PROMOTION 12 EFFECTS OF CONSUMPTION OF ALCOHOL ON HEALTH 12 SURVEY 2013 12 TOPIC 7 – MICE: MEETINGS, INCENTIVES, CONVENTIONS, AND EXHIBITIONS 13 MICE IN SYDNEY 13 HILTON HOTEL 13 FOUR POINTS BY SHERATON HOTEL 13 PARK HYATT SYDNEY 13 COMPETITION ANALYSIS: 14 COMPARISON 15 TOPIC 8 - CORPORATE SOCIAL RESPONSIBILITY IN THE GLOBAL HOSPITALITY INDUSTRY 16 HOW HOSPITALITY OPERATORS GET ENGAGE IN CORPORATE SOCIAL RESPONSIBILITY (CSR) 16 ENVIRONMENT 16 COMMUNITYRead MoreThe Special Incident Of The Hrm Simulation Game1498 Words   |  6 PagesThis essay is about a medium sized organization, Sheraton, having roughly 600 staff with completely no increase in the growth of development rate in the HR division despite the fact that there is rapid development in the organization. The CEO has appointed us and are allocated to various roles and my role would be HR Director. Being the head of HR Team, every decision to be completed in this game requires parallel effort and several challenges were confronted as the simulation is a combination of

World History Study Guide Free Essays

AP World History Unit Two Test Study Guide 1. Explain the Indian caste system and evaluate its importance in societal functioning. 2. We will write a custom essay sample on World History Study Guide or any similar topic only for you Order Now Compare and contrast Confucian and Hindu values. 3. Examine the interaction within the India’s trade network. 4. Compare and contrast China and India’s social and economic structures. 5. Compare and Contrast Greek and Indian politics. 6. Evaluate the Roman Empire from a Confucian viewpoint. 7. Explain the social hierarchy of China. 8. Analyze the strengths and weaknesses of China’s economy. 9. Discuss the roles of women in Han China and after the fall of Han China. 0. Examine cultural diffusion in early Chinese history. 11. Compare and contrast the invasions of India and the invasions of China. 12. Compare and contrast the Mauryan dynasty and the Gupta dynasty. 13. Compare and contrast classical China and the Huanghe river valley civilizations. 14. Explain the â€Å"Son of Heaven â€Å"concept. 15. Examine the Chinese views of nature. 16. Compare and contrast Daoism and Confucianism. 17. Discuss the concept of â€Å"ceremony† in upper-class Chinese life . 18. Examine how the Roman emperors controlled popular disorder. 19. Explain the Socratic Method. 0. Compare and contrast the Greek and Hellenistic approach to science. 21. Compare and contrast Chinese architecture with Greek and Roman architecture. 22. Compare and contrast Greek and Roman agriculture. 23. Explain the role of slaves in the Roman Empire. 24. Examine the influences on the first kingdoms in East Africa below the Sahara. 25. Discuss Wang Mang’s Reform Program. 26. Explain China’s uniqueness in the ancient world. 27. Explain the system of the jatis in India and its effects. 28. Compare and contrast the city states of Classical Greece and Han China. 9. Examine the effects of Germanic tribes in the western part of Roman Empire. 30. Compare and contrast the prominence of empires in India and China. 31. Compare and contrast classical Chinese and Roman empires. 32. Compare and contrast the classical religions and philosophies (e. g. : Confucianism). 33. Determi ne important influences of Zoroastrianism. 34. Compare and contrast Buddhism, Hinduism and Christianity. 35. Compare and contrast Christianity and Zoroastrianism. 36. Discuss the decline of Buddhism in India and the rise in China. 37. Compare and contrast Christianity before and after the death of Jesus. 38. Compare and contrast Persian and Greek ways of governing. 39. Compare and contrast the Persian and the Mauryan empires. 40. Discuss motivations for the expansion of the Roman Empire. 41. Compare and contrast classical Athens and Sparta. 42. Discuss the roles of women in ancient societies. 43. Examine the causes of the collapse of the Maya civilization. 44. Discuss the geographical regions of pastoral societies (classical era). 45. Examine the regions that had the least productive agriculture and explain the causes. 6. Discuss the geographical regions of the emergence of civilizations and explain why there? 47. Compare and contrast African cultures and their distinct features. 48. Trace the spread of Bantu people to south and east Africa. 49. Compare and contrast of Mesoamerican and Andean cultures. 50. Determine which classical civilization did develop significant cities, but did not have an encompassing state structure and explain why. Essay: Comparative analysis: Compare and contrast nationalism with the Chinese philosophies that emerged in the Warring States Period. How to cite World History Study Guide, Essay examples world history study guide Free Essays

Accounting Information System Flow Cost Accounting

Question: Describe about the Accounting Information System for Flow Cost Accounting. Answer: Accounting Information System Accounting Information System can be said as a structure which business uses to collect, store, retrieve and manage to convert data into useful information (Christ and Burritt, 2015). This information is used by accountants, management, chief financial officers (CFO) and auditors. It assists in taking decisions and judgements by internal and external consumer of data. Its main functions are: Efficient and effective collection and storage of data which is related to financial activities of an organisation. Supplying information which is necessary for taking decisions including the managerial To make sure that controls are present to record and process data appropriately. Role of Accounting Information System in the value chain of manufacturing organisation Manufacturing organisations work with the motive of providing valuable products to its customers having no defect. According to Christopher, (2016) the entities consider profit in case the value created by them is higher than the cost applied. Efficient utilisation of the available resources and to fulfil the need of customer in best manner is one of the main objectives of manufacturing organisation. AIS assist in obtaining the above-specified objectives in the following manner: Appropriate internal control is developed by making information data reliable and safe so that the objectives of the management can be satisfied. It increases the value to entities by providing timely accurate information. Processes the data of entity in effective and efficient manner. It is able to provide performance reports, budgets and status of inventory through which activities are effectively managed. As per the study of Collier, (2015) it plays an important role in material management activities which includes planning, production scheduling, allocation and related activities. It provides real-time vendor development and just in time inventory management. In a nutshell, it can be said that the value is added in following activities: A collection of market researchers Optimum pricing information. Budgetary control information. Product planning, evaluation and development. Figure 1 Managing AIS (Source: Accounting Information System,2014) Impact of AIS in decision making in contemporary manufacturing organisation Management is the another name of making a decision. It can be said as two sides of one coin. According to Collier, (2015) decision-making is done after evaluating all the available alternatives. Information system plays a critical role in making decisions related to the organisation. It varies according to the nature of the entity. AIS affect the following decision of manufacturing organisations: Make or buy decision Every business organisation has faced this decision very often. Every time a company identifies the need to alter its product mix, this decision is to be made. The accuracy of this decision is very essential as for make or buy decision affect the profitability of the business in the long run (Kaplan and Atkinson, 2015). The production and procurement cost of buying or making some or all parts are compared to arrive at a decision. AIS provide all these information which helps the management to take these decisions very reliably. Formulating future decisions through selecting appropriate decision from various alternative Planning and preparing for future is a task which every organisation does. This requires a substantial record of historical financial statements data, analysis of current trends and estimated figures for the reliable forecast (Moghadam and et.al.2013). All such information is provided by AIS. The future course of action is decided by selecting the best course from various viable options. Various tools and applications which come with AIS simplify the work of management to a great extent. Budgetary decisions Business entities require huge funds for their operational activities. For this, it is required by them to obtain funds from feasible sources at minimum cost. AIS provided information on various sources available. Budgets are prepared to plan the employment of all the available sources to maximise income. The most optimum source is selected which can strengthen the financial position of the firm. AIS assist in making a comparative study for the same. AIS consist of various inherent tools which guide the management to raise funds and implement investment. Utilisation of value chain for providing competitive advantage in a manufacturing organisation The concept of the value chain is influenced by Porter. The concept is directly linked with the advantages for business firms. Manufacturing organisations have to make decisions which may directly impact the firms competitive position in the market (Rainer, Cegielski and Sanchez-Rodriguez, 2013). According to Porter, value chain analysis can be used to develop effectual schemes which achieve competitive advantage. The objective of value-chain analysis is to offer products to customers who are- Better than what the opponents are providing in terms of additional features or better quality. Different from others in some or the other form which serves the consumers in a better way. Unique in features not found in any other alternative. Lower in terms of cost than what the opponent firm is offering a quite similar or better product. There are two broad advantages offered by value chain analysis as described below- Cost Advantage: Reducing the cost of individual activities or by reconfiguration, manufacturing organisation can attain cost advantage. Cost analysis can be done in this aspect. Controlling the following factors can result in cost advantage: Geographical location Optimum utilisation of capacity Timing of market entry Institutional factors Moreover, structural modifications can be made in the value chain in this context as it will improve the process of production and develop new channels of distribution ((Pearlson, Saunders and Galletta, 2016). Differentiation: This can be attained through any part of value chain activity. Making available the products to customers who are unique and different; by using inputs which are not utilised by any other organisation of the same business line ((Soudani, 2012)). This approach will draw new customers and keep hold of the active ones. Figure 2 Value Chain Model (Source: Singh, 2013) On the foundation of present study, we can conclude that AIS plays a significant role in the functioning of a manufacturing organisation. Better decisions can be taken through the valuable information furnished by AIS which can result in the growth of business. It also improves performance by putting into practice low-cost and product demarcation strategies. It builds up improved strategic position to generate synergy. Such systems have become indispensable for businesses which aim for higher growth prospects. Therefore these systems must be inherited in the organisations and must be used to their full capacities. References Christ, K. L. and Burritt, R. L., 2015. Material flow cost accounting: a review and agenda for future research. Journal of Cleaner Production, 108, 1378-1389. Christopher, M., 2016.Logistics supply chain management. Pearson Higher Ed. Collier, P.M. 2015.Accounting for managers: Interpreting accounting information for decision making. John Wiley Sons. Hall. J.A., 2012. Accounting information systems. Cengage Learning. Kaplan, R. S.and Atkinson, A. A., 2015. Advanced management accounting. PHI Learning. Moghadam. H.M. and et.al.2013. Effect of investment in information technology system on providing desired services of accounting information system. Elixir International Journal A. 55.Pp.13268-13273. Pearson, K.E., Saunders, C.S. and Galletta, D.F., 2016. Managing and Using Information Systems, Binder Ready Version: A Strategic Approach. John Wiley Sons. Rainer, R.K., Cegielski, C.G. and Sanchez-Rodriguez, C.2013.Introduction to information systems: Supporting and transforming business. John Wiley Sons. Soudani. S.N., 2012. The usefulness of an accounting information system for effective organisational performance. International Journal of Economics and Finance. 4(5).P.136.

The Engineering Challenges of the 21st Century

Free Essays on The Colonizer And The Colonized

Distinguished Leaders: Miss Kim Creel â€Å"There are a lot of drugs and violence right here on our corner [the west-end of Charleston, WV]† states Kim Creel. â€Å"Our children are at-risk, a lot of them are running the streets and our juvenile crime rates are high† (2002). With these facts, Creel was determined to find a way to keep an after school program, on the verge of closing, open and available for children at no cost. Creel is the executive director of the Bob Burdette Center, which is a free Christian based after school program for underprivileged children. In 1993, this after school program was started and known as the James Paige Learning Center. However, in 1995 the center was going under financially and something needed to be done in order for it to remain in operation. Creel and other church members from Emmanuel Baptist came to the rescue to form the Bob Burdett Center. Creel wrote grants and started a fund-raising campaign, while Emmanuel Baptist Church scraped together money to help keep it running. Within no time, it became a stable and beneficial non-profit organization to many (Tranum, 2000). The Bob Burdette Center is open on weekdays from 2:30pm to 6pm. According to Creel, it benefits approximately eighty-five children ages Kindergarten through the eighth grade. The center serves four elementary schools form the West Side including Chandler, Glenwood, JE Robins and Grandview; these schools send fifty-eight students. The additional twenty-seven students are from Stonewall Jackson Middle School. These junior high students participated in the program when they were younger; although now older, they still did not have anywhere to go after school, but wanted to continue going to the safe environment. Attending this after school program helps keep the children off the streets and away from a neighborhood that is contaminated with drug dealings and violence. Although, the center’s main focus is homework time, ... Free Essays on The Colonizer And The Colonized Free Essays on The Colonizer And The Colonized Distinguished Leaders: Miss Kim Creel â€Å"There are a lot of drugs and violence right here on our corner [the west-end of Charleston, WV]† states Kim Creel. â€Å"Our children are at-risk, a lot of them are running the streets and our juvenile crime rates are high† (2002). With these facts, Creel was determined to find a way to keep an after school program, on the verge of closing, open and available for children at no cost. Creel is the executive director of the Bob Burdette Center, which is a free Christian based after school program for underprivileged children. In 1993, this after school program was started and known as the James Paige Learning Center. However, in 1995 the center was going under financially and something needed to be done in order for it to remain in operation. Creel and other church members from Emmanuel Baptist came to the rescue to form the Bob Burdett Center. Creel wrote grants and started a fund-raising campaign, while Emmanuel Baptist Church scraped together money to help keep it running. Within no time, it became a stable and beneficial non-profit organization to many (Tranum, 2000). The Bob Burdette Center is open on weekdays from 2:30pm to 6pm. According to Creel, it benefits approximately eighty-five children ages Kindergarten through the eighth grade. The center serves four elementary schools form the West Side including Chandler, Glenwood, JE Robins and Grandview; these schools send fifty-eight students. The additional twenty-seven students are from Stonewall Jackson Middle School. These junior high students participated in the program when they were younger; although now older, they still did not have anywhere to go after school, but wanted to continue going to the safe environment. Attending this after school program helps keep the children off the streets and away from a neighborhood that is contaminated with drug dealings and violence. Although, the center’s main focus is homework time, ...

A Story about My Life Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

A Story about My Life - Essay Example When I came to the United States about a year ago, I looked almost lost. The culture here is much different from that in Qatar. The food, religion, language and socialization differ to a great extent. People here are in a rush even to eat unlike in Qatar where one orders for food and eats without a rush to fill. The population is high with everyone busy with their businesses, making it difficult to make random friends. Though there are Muslims in the country, they do not exist in their majority as is the case in Qatar. I also noted that people value gas highly in America whereas in Qatar, it costs even cheaper than water as observed by Shadid. Such differences in life are what made the United States appear strange to me during my early days. However, I am lucky I had my twin brother whom I lived with here in the United States. My other brother is still in Qatar and runs family businesses together with my parents. We almost shared the same feelings of loneliness and fear with my brother during our early days in the United States. Being in a foreign country presented its challenges that would distract us from achieving our goals for coming here. Nonetheless, through sharing our experiences, we found out ways to cope up with such challenges. He would tell me how he has been discriminated against or abused and I would give him similar stories.

Macroeconomics...........case5 Case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Macroeconomics...........case5 - Case Study Example Economist Paul Collier, of Oxford Univesity in England, has examined what went wrong with these â€Å"trapped countries.† Based on decades of research, he identifies some poverty traps. About 750 million people of the bottom billion have recently lived through, or are still in the midst of, a civil war. Such wars can drag on for years with economically disastrous consequences. For example, the ethnic conflict in Burundi between the Hutus and the Tutsis has lasted three decades, which helps explain that country’s poorest-in-the-world ranking. Unfortunately, the poorer a country becomes, the more likely it is to succumb to civil war. And once a country goes through one civil war, more are likely. Ethnic conflict, or civil war, is Collier’s first poverty trap. But why, aside from poverty itself, are so many sub-Saharan countries mired in civil war? He finds that three factors heighten the risk of such conflicts: (1) a relatively high proportion of young, uneducated men with few job prospects (who, thus, have a low opportunity cost); (2) an imbalance between ethnic groups, with one tending to outnumber the rest; and (3) a supply of natural resources like diamonds or oil, which both creates an incentive to rebel and helps finance that rebellion. The presence of mineral wealth in an otherwise poor country can also undermine democracy itself. Government revenue from mineral sales reduces taxes, which dampens public debate about how taxes should be spent. For example, because of oil revenue, the Nigerian government relies less on taxes, so there is less pressure for government accountability, and hence fewer checks and balances on a corrupt government. Thus, misuse of resource wealth is Collier’s second poverty trap. About 300 million o f the poorest billion live in countries that have fallen into this trap. This leads us to the third poverty trap: a dysfunctional or corrupt government. Government

USING CHEMICALS IN TERRORIST ATTACKS AND ON THE BATTLE FIELD Coursework

USING CHEMICALS IN TERRORIST ATTACKS AND ON THE BATTLE FIELD - Coursework Example Since its inception in 2003 by the Congress, the Department of Homeland Security (in conjunction with The National Academies) has been instrumental in educating the masses and the media about various attacks associated with Bioterrorism. They have provided information concerning the characteristics, effects and dangers associated with Biochemical attacks. This information has gone through thorough evaluation process by experts at the National Academies to ensure that they are authentic. (Department of Homeland Security, 2003) Chemical attack fact sheet. With such information at their disposal, the general public can act without panic until professional help is sought. The reason why the Sarin Gas attack was catastrophic was because of panic and general confusion among people and professionals, making it easier for the terrorists to strike again resulting in more havoc. Since it is the public which is always targeted by these extremist groups, then it would make sense to educate them on how to respond to such a situation. Furthermore, there have been tremendous developments in the health sector to ensure that American citizens are catered for. There have been massive improvements in surveillance of diseases, storing of pharmaceuticals for emergencies and training of medical practitioners how to respond to such emergencies and how to identify the victims affected. (LM Davis, 2010) Are local health responders ready for biological and chemical terrorism? Despite these weapons being extremely dangerous, USA and the former USSR were busy stockpiling chemical weapons. During the First World War, Russia was shocked to learn that the US had atomic bombs that were far much superior to their armory; this prompted them to carry out extensive research in chemical warfare. As the tension between the two countries grew stronger, the US was forced to stockpile and manufacture as precautionary measure in case of an attack and also to outdo its opponent. The US and Russian

Adidas Product Innovation

Adidas Product Innovation Introduction: Adidas is German Company and was named after its founder Adolf Dassler and his brother Rudolf Dassler in 1948. Adidas is one of the most popular sports manufacturers as Mr Adolf Dassler understands the need of athletes’. He had simple vision for his company to provide athletes best products with three guiding principles: produce the best shoe with sport requirement, protect the athlete from injury and make the product durable. There more than 700 products related with sports and this has created Adidas Kingdom of the sporting goods. A part of Adidas Group is Reebok sportswear. The company also produces eyewear, watches, shirts, bags and clothing related to sports. Adidas’s current official logo consists of three parallel bars. The three stripes become a brand name in 1949 and with the help of Olympics held in 1952 where more sportsperson wore Adidas than another shoe, the company began to grow. Adidas has contributed to the development of the Olympic Games. Adidas main aim is to continuously progress their quality and image of their product in order to exceed consumer expectations and to provide them with the highest value of satisfaction. Hermann Deininger, CMO of Adidas comments on Originals by Originals that â€Å"when we enter into any new partnership for Adidas Originals, It is essential to offer something truly unique and new for our consumer† (www.press.adidas.com) Based on Adidas objectives of innovation and design leader I have been asked to devise a new product for Adidas and develop a marketing strategy. The product which I would like to introduce is called ADIPATCH to be launched and sold in Pakistan after the successful business and environmental analysis. Description of ‘ADIPATCH’: Adipatch is a pain reliever that uses heat therapy for the relief of stiffness and muscular pains. It is been developed for Adidas for players and for the people who uses gym regularly and suffer muscular pains. The warming effect of Adipatch heat penetrates into muscle helping to stimulate blood circulation. This patch last for up to eight hours and can be used for the relief of backache, sprains, and joints stiffness. It is easy and cost-effective way to get back o your active lifestyle. Adipatch is designed to be used on the skin where athlete wants the heat to be applied. Our Adipatch standard size is 3.55 inches. It is easy and cost-effective way to get back o your active lifestyle. Recommended use of ADIPATCH: To relieve joint and back pain To relieve shoulder and neck pain To relieve sore and aching muscles, To relieve knee pain For long hours office work, long haul flights and long driving Marketing Objective for ADIPATCH: Launch a new product and it development Earn the market share and increase in sales Allow Adidas to gain greater recognition Market development Business and Environmental Analysis: Market oriented firms’ looks outward to the environment in which it operates adapting to take advantage of emerging opportunities and to minimize potential threats (Jobber 1995). I decided to launch ADIPATCH in Pakistan and I would like to do two analyses. First to launch our product we need to do Pest analysis to know the political, economical, sociological and technological conditions of Pakistan to know whether it’s feasible to launch Adipatch in Pakistan or not. Pakistan is located in south Asia. Pakistan is sixth most populous country in the world. Pakistan’s approximate population by July 2009 is 174,579,000. Karachi is the biggest city of Pakistan in population size and then Lahore. National sport of Pakistan is hockey but cricket is more popular. Pakistan economically and politically is not stable. Fiscal deficit as targeted in 2009 is 5.5 percent of GDP, which was 7.4 percent in 2008 fiscal but still enjoy sports.Pakistan is rapidly developing country. The second deals with the issues analysed in the area were we have to look into market, competitors, customer’s needs and wants, buying behaviour, brand loyalty and segmentation. Michael Porter’s five force model is used to critically analyse this part and results showed that Adidas has opportunity to launch its new product ADIPATCH in Pakistan. An environmental scanning was carried out and results showed that Adidas is more responsive to the customer’s needs and opportunities identified could help Adidas lip frog competitors. Growth Objectives: Guzman (2005) quoted Yogi Berra in his book â€Å"if you don’t know where you are going you will end up somewhere else.† Asnoff provided a framework to identify growth opportunities, determination of scope (Croft 1998). He has identified four generic growth strategies such as market penetration, market development, product development and diversification. Asnoff pointed that diversification strategy stands apart from three strategies. It is a form of growth strategy which helps to increase profitability through new products and markets. In current circumstances, Adidas objective is to develop new product of potential interest to its current market. It is well known that Adidas is an international company with market all over the world including Pakistan. The important issue for success in going down this road is the profitability of the customer group for which the product is being developed. Secondly Adidas has a strong brand that can be comfortably applied to the product. Market segmentation, Target Market, Positioning: Market segmentation provides the basis for the selection of target markets. A target market is chosen segment of market which a company has decided to serve. As customers in the target market segments have similar characteristic, a single marketing mix strategy can developed to match those requirements. Creative segmentation may result in identification of new segments that have not been served adequately. Market segmentation refers to subdividing a market along some commonality, similararity or kinship. Adidas as an international company, we can segment Pakistani market on following basis: Size: Pakistan’s population is approx hundred and seventy four million and 45% are of the age of 25-45 years old and interested in sports. Identification: Through the survey it was identified that the 50% people of the above group age 28-40 are involve in sports activities. This age group have healthy routine. Age 28-40 are involved in some sports such as cricket, hockey and badminton and 40-45 enjoy long walks in the park to keep themselves fit and suffer from muscular pains. Importance: by market research I have found out that Adipatch features are important for the age group 28-40 because this group suffer more from muscular pains and to the doctors for treatment. Adipatch can help them to get relieve of the pain or sore. Accessibility: during my research I found out there are good channel of communication that can be use to make the customers aware such as sports magazines, TV, health clubs. After segmenting the market, the next step to move on is positioning in the mind of customers of new product. The objective is to create and maintain a distinctive place in the market for company or for its products (Sampson, 1981). In Pakistan age group 28-40 meet these characteristics. Positioning describes how the target market is selected and evaluation by customers in comparison with competitors such as ‘deep heat’ and nurofen back pain heat patch sold in Pakistan. Adidas chose a positioning strategy that seeks to differentiation from competitors with regards of product characteristics to increase sales. This will facilitate Adidas to maintain market stand and charge premium prices. Product Development Process: Organisations do not operate in static environment but they are constantly facing the consequences of changing technology, changing customer’s taste and preferences and changing competitor’s products. Any organization that is positively managing its product portfolio will recognise that its existing products are in different stages of their lifecycle and can be modified to maximise its potential. It is important part of product strategy new product development can be very risky business. The foundation of for successful new product development is the creation of corporate culture that promotes and rewards innovation. Effective new product development is based upon creating and nurturing an innovation culture, organizing effectively for new product development, and managing the new product development process. Development of Adipatch follow consists of following steps: Idea generation: Any new product has to start from somewhere as a germ of an idea. Adipatch is a new product. The objective is to motivate the search for ideas so that salespeople are aware of this product Screening: having developed new product ideas need to be screened to evaluate their commercial worth. After screening of a range of ideas it was found that Adipatch will be worth if produced with an early pay back. The calculation of the payback is found in the capital investment section of this assignment. Concept testing: once the product idea has been accepted, it can be framed into specific concept for testing with potential. Product testing is focuses on the practical aspect of the product. At this survey was conducted to get the views of the customers. Business analysis: based upon the results of concept test estimate of sales, cost and profit will be made. After budgeting Adipatch has identified the target market, its size and projected product acceptance over number of years. Product development: at this stage the new product concept is developed into a physical product. Adipatch is developed into a physical product through the research and manufacturing unit, Market testing: market testing takes measurement of customer acceptance .The main idea is to launch Adipatch in a limited way so the customer’s responses in the market can be assessed. Commercialization: this stage relies on marketing management making clear choice regarding targeting market and development of marketing strategy. This is final stage of Adipatch where it can be brought to market. Adidas will need to decide when and where to launch Adipatch and its launching plan. Market mix for Adipatch: Based upon understanding of customers, a company develops its marketing mix. The marketing mix consists of four major elements: product, price, promotion and place. These 4Ps are the four key decisions are that company must manage so that they satisfy customers needs better (Kotler, 2005) According to Adidas website their marketing strategy is based on 4Ps which is also called the marketing mix. We can use market mix for Adipatch as follows: Product: Adipatch is a new product introduced in Pakistan for people who are into sports. It alleviates muscular pain and regulates blood circulation using heat therapy. Price: Price is a vital element of the marketing mix as it represents on a unit basis what the company receives for the product which is being marketed (Parry, 2005). The product will be charge at same price compared to Deep heat and Nurofen heat patch. This will help Adidas to maintain standards and to compete in the market with existing products. The price per box of Adipatch will cost 300 Pakistani rupees Promotion: Customers need to be aware of the new product. Means of communication to be use such as to advertise on TV, magazines and in radio. Place: Involves the decision with reference to supply of Adipatch to the target market. This will concentrate on more using retailer and sport shops, Adidas outlets, health clubs, doctor’s clinic. Costing For Adipatch: Investment in Pakistani Rupees Package design 29,000,000 Test Marketing 8,800,000 Product Manufacturing 100,000,000 Distribution Cost 21,000,000 Storage Cost 9,000,000 Press Release 6,800,000 Raw Material 18,000,000 Handling Cost 9,000,000 Total 201,600,800 Adipatch per unit price is 300pkr with the variable cost of 130pkr. The contribution expected to be 280pkr. The number of units of Adipatch expected to be sold each year for next 5 years is as follows: Years Units Year one 200,000 Year two 230,000 Year three 280,000 Year four 300,000 Year five 290,000 The contributions for the next five years are expected to be as follows: Year Revenue Investment Cumulative Profit (Millions) (Millions) (Millions) 0 201,600,800 1 57,000,000 57,000,000 2 65,550,000 122,550,000 3 79,800,000 202,350,000 4 85,500,000 287,850,000 5 82,650,000 350,500,000 According to the analysis Adidas will get their investment back within approximately in three year time.However, Adidas should introduce more features to Adipatch because of changing environment and trends to sports and injuries to sports people References: Barand Strategy (2004), Dasani Withdrawn, Brand Strategy, 6Apr, p.7 Cramb,C (1999), ‘Grolsch Targets Mature Markets’, Financial Times 10Febrary, p.35 Croft, M(1998), Time to Nurture Creativity, Marketing week, pp40-1 Guzman, D(2005), â€Å"Innovative Products Deliver Fresh Growth for Oral Care† Chemical Market Reporter , 9-15 May pp.34-5 Kotler .P (2005), Marketing Management, Prentice Hall. Jobber David (1995), Principles and Practice of Marketing, McGraw-hill. Mitchell, A. (2005), ‘After Some Innovation? Maybe You Just Need to Ask Around’, Marketing Week, 16june, p.28 Parry .(2005), ‘New Production Development: There’s Many Slip’, Marketing Week, 02june,p.24 Sampson. ( 1992), People are People the World Over: The Case for the Psychological Marketing Segmentation, Market and Research Today. Watts. G (1998) Asnoff’s matrix, pain and gain: Growth Strategies and Adaptive, International journal of entrepreneurial behaviour and research, vol4, pp101-111 www.press.adidas.com.

Vegetarianism :: Healthy Lifestyle Essay

Vegetarianism is a good idea for anyone, whether young or old, healthy or sick. Reasons supporting vegetarianism are inarguable since becoming a vegetarian is scientifically proven to improve one’s lifestyle in several different ways. First and most importantly to many, vegetarianism improves one’s health tremendously. Secondly, it can improve or display one’s spirituality and beliefs. Another reason for changing to a vegetarian lifestyle that most people don’t know is for the ecology and our surroundings. All of the above reasons and many more show that vegetarianism is a wonderful enhancement to anyone’s overall life. Health should be a considerable priority in every individual’s life and vegetarians are proven to be healthier than carnivorous humans in various ways. First, medical studies show that a human being’s body was not made to be carnivorous (for example; humans have no fang s or claws) and because are digestive system was not made to digest meat, a vegetarian diet is much easier and healthier for our bodies. Secondly, as known around the world, the most common cause of death is heart attack and the average man is at a 50% risk while a vegetarian man is at a 4% risk. Another fact most don’t think about is that every one out of three chickens is infected with salmonella bacteria. Speaking of bacteria and disease, the U.S. Department of Agriculture implies that it protects meat-eaters through regular and thorough meat inspection while in reality, fewer than one out of every 250,000 slaughtered animals is tested for toxic chemical residues. As a matter of fact, breast mi lk of a meat-eating mother versus a non meat-eating mother is 35 times higher for contamination of milk due to pesticides found in meat. Vegetarianism also prevents cancer by 50%, and prevents heart disease, lowering blood pressure, gallstones, kidney stones, osteoporosis and can even reverses diabetes. Finally, maintaining a vegetarian diet will not only make you physically healthier but will improve your psychiatric health also. In fact, many psychiatrists recommend a vegetarian diet to those with violent anger problems. As provided above, becoming a vegetarian would improve anyone’s health and give all nutrition needed including protein. Many vegetarians do what they do for spiritual reasons and all have much supporting logic behind all the spirituality. Others claim they are spiritual people who are compassionate but how can one who eats meat be so with the knowledge of the suffering animals whose pain are beyond calculation? Vegetarianism :: Healthy Lifestyle Essay Vegetarianism is a good idea for anyone, whether young or old, healthy or sick. Reasons supporting vegetarianism are inarguable since becoming a vegetarian is scientifically proven to improve one’s lifestyle in several different ways. First and most importantly to many, vegetarianism improves one’s health tremendously. Secondly, it can improve or display one’s spirituality and beliefs. Another reason for changing to a vegetarian lifestyle that most people don’t know is for the ecology and our surroundings. All of the above reasons and many more show that vegetarianism is a wonderful enhancement to anyone’s overall life. Health should be a considerable priority in every individual’s life and vegetarians are proven to be healthier than carnivorous humans in various ways. First, medical studies show that a human being’s body was not made to be carnivorous (for example; humans have no fang s or claws) and because are digestive system was not made to digest meat, a vegetarian diet is much easier and healthier for our bodies. Secondly, as known around the world, the most common cause of death is heart attack and the average man is at a 50% risk while a vegetarian man is at a 4% risk. Another fact most don’t think about is that every one out of three chickens is infected with salmonella bacteria. Speaking of bacteria and disease, the U.S. Department of Agriculture implies that it protects meat-eaters through regular and thorough meat inspection while in reality, fewer than one out of every 250,000 slaughtered animals is tested for toxic chemical residues. As a matter of fact, breast mi lk of a meat-eating mother versus a non meat-eating mother is 35 times higher for contamination of milk due to pesticides found in meat. Vegetarianism also prevents cancer by 50%, and prevents heart disease, lowering blood pressure, gallstones, kidney stones, osteoporosis and can even reverses diabetes. Finally, maintaining a vegetarian diet will not only make you physically healthier but will improve your psychiatric health also. In fact, many psychiatrists recommend a vegetarian diet to those with violent anger problems. As provided above, becoming a vegetarian would improve anyone’s health and give all nutrition needed including protein. Many vegetarians do what they do for spiritual reasons and all have much supporting logic behind all the spirituality. Others claim they are spiritual people who are compassionate but how can one who eats meat be so with the knowledge of the suffering animals whose pain are beyond calculation?